Space exploration is the systematic study of celestial bodies, such as planets and stars. It is a key part of human civilization’s effort to understand the universe.
Historically, space exploration has been conducted by government-sponsored agencies. This was motivated by the conviction that space exploration would lead to a number of obvious benefits for society, including advances in science, technology and economics. In the aftermath of the Cold War, however, the rationale for space programs shifted to a more pragmatic approach focused on the “public good”.
The first humans ventured into outer space in the late 20th century, after rockets were developed that could overcome the force of gravity and reach orbital velocities. This began the era of modern spaceflight.
Many discoveries have been made through the use of space exploration. These include the atmospheres of Mars and Venus, the rings of Saturn, the moons of Jupiter and Mercury, and a great number of asteroids and comets. In addition, space exploration has led to the identification of a hole in the Earth’s ozone layer and the discovery of a variety of archeological sites.
Space exploration continues today, with a wide range of activities taking place on board spacecraft and in the vicinity of the Moon and other celestial bodies. These include research and production activities like telescopes, observatories, space stations and mining colonies. Other activities include living quarters, communication facilities and the provision of food, water, and fuel. There are also medical and health activities to ensure that astronauts remain healthy while in space.
About the Author
